When a pterygium becomes red and irritated, steroid eye-drops may be prescribed to reduce the inflammation. Treatment is usually not required in mild cases. Treatment depends on the size and extent of the pterygium. To diagnose pterygium, your ophthalmologist or eye doctor conducts a complete physical examination of the eye and eyelids. If the growth becomes large enough, it may begin to inhibit vision. The condition can cause extreme eye discomfort including burning, irritation, redness, tearing, foreign body sensation, and astigmatism (visual defect). The primary symptom of a pterygium is a painless area of elevated tissue with visible blood vessels on the inner or outer border of the cornea. Genetic predisposition is another factor that may play a role. People who spend considerable time in the sun such as farmers, fishermen, and people living near the equator are more likely to develop pterygium. The cause of pterygium eye disease is not known, but it can occur more often in people who spend time outdoors with frequent or excessive exposure to sunlight or wind. It may be small or may grow large enough to interfere with vision. The color of the lesion varies from pink to red in color. It usually occurs on the nasal side of the eye.
The lesion is characterized by a pinkish, triangular-shaped tissue growth of conjunctiva that extends towards the cornea (a transparent window covering the front of the eye). Pterygiums may develop in one or both eyes. The conjunctiva is a clear, thin tissue that covers the white part of the eye, known as the sclera. A Pterygium is a benign or non cancerous growth that develops on the conjunctiva of the eye.
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